Dadka Uganda ee ay da’doodu ka yar tahay 35 sano- waa in ka badan kala bar bulshada – ayaa keliya yaqaannay hal madaxweyne.
Yoweri
Museveni, oo xilka qabtay xilli kacdoon ciidan uu jiray sanadkii 1986,
ayaa si cad uga soo horjeestay shuruucda siyaasadeed ee isku
dheellitirka ee ay soo afjareen hoggaamiyeyaal kale oo muddo dheer xil
ka hayay gobolka.
Muddadii uu 76 jirkan xilka hayay waxay dadku ku naaloonayeen nabad iyo isbeddello waaweyn oo horumarineed kuwaasoo ay dad badan ay abaal uga hayaan. Balse wuxuu sidoo kale abuuray arrimo ay ka mid yihiin xakameynta waaxaha madaxa bannaan iyo gacan bidixeynta mucaaradka.
Intii lagu guda jiray doorashadii ugu dambeysay shan sano ka hor markii uu ka hadlayay arrinta ku saabsan inuu xilka ka dego, wuxuu is weydiiyay: “Sidee ayaan uga tagaa beer moos ah oo aan abuuray taas oo bilowday inay miro soo bixiso?”
Sidoo kale wuxuu madaxweynuhu u taagan yahay astaan aabbenimo iyo mid awownimo.
Dad
badan oo reer Uganda ah ayaa madaxweynaha ku naaneysa “Sevo”, isaguna
wuxuu si farxad leh ugu yeeraa Bazukulu (oo luqadda Luganda la micno ah
carruurta uu awoowaha u yahay).
Balse
madaxweynaha oo nin qoys ah iskuma arko inuu yahay qof ay da’du ka daba
timid, isagoo ku dangiigsanaya kursigiisa uu jecel yahay isla markaana
ay hareeraha ka joogaan carruurtiisa iyo kuwa uu awoowaha u yahay.
Ololihii
markii lixaad ee xilka madaxtinnimada, oo ay u muuqato inuu hore ka
bilaabay kaddib doorashadii hore, wuxuu horumar ku sameynayay dalka,
isagoo furay warshado, waddooyin iyo suuqyo cusub oo uu xarigga ka
jaray.
Isla markaana isaga oo isha ku haya, 38 jirka hore fannaanka u ahaa Bobi Wine, Mr Museveni wuxuu muujinayay awooddiisa qofnimo. Bishii April, isaga oo dhiirrigelinaya jimicsiga inta lagu guda jiro xayiradda waxaa dhowr jeer laga duubay muuqaal isaga oo jimicsi sameynayay, dhowr jeerna wuxuu bishii November jimcisgaas ku hor sameeyay arday badan oo u riyaaqayay.
Haddii
uu aabbahaa ku jecel yahay, waa inuu horumar ku gaarsiiyaa. Shanta sano
ee soo socota, ‘Sevo’ wuxuu hubin doonaa marka aan iskuulka dhammeyno,
inaan helno shaqo,” ayay tiri Angela Kirabo oo 25 jir ah, iyadoo
taabaneysa arrinta shaqo la’aanta dhalinyarada oo ah walaaca ugu weyn.
Gabadhan
oo ka qalin jebisay jaamacadda baratayna dhaqaalaha waxay ku soo kortay
qoys taageero weyn u haya xisbiga talada haya (NRM). Waxay aaminsan
tahay in 35 sano kaddib uu weli madaxweynuhu hayo wax badan oo uu qabto.
Xadka da’da oo la beddelay
Mid
ka mid ah saaxiibbadiisa ugu dhow iyo la taliyeyaashiisana ka mid ah,
John Nagenda, ayaa sheegay in nafhurnimada Mr Museveni ay sabab u tahay
sida uu u kasbaday daacadnimada.
“Wuxuu
u diyaarsanaa inuu u dhinto Uganda. Waxaan dhihi karaa aad baan u
nasiib badannahay inaan isaga heysanno,” ayuu yiri ninkan 82 jirka ah.
“Inta badan dadka aan aqaanno ee madaxweyneyaasha ahaa, waxay doonayeen inay naftooda u shaqeystaan; waxay rabeen ammaanta. Balse Museveni wuxuu doonayay inuu wax u qabto dalka iyo qaaradda … waa nin ay ku dheer tahay Afrikaannimada.”
The symbol of Uganda’s Electoral Commission is seen on the wall in Kampala, Uganda, on January 4, 2021. – Uganda gears up for presidential elections which is scheduled to take place on January 14, 2021, as President Yoweri Museveni seeks another term to continue his 35-year rule. (Photo by SUMY SADURNI / AFP) (Photo by SUMY SADURNI/AFP via Getty Images)
Dhanka kale dastuurkii 1995 wuxuu dhigayay in madaxweynaha uusan xil u tartami karin mar kale wixii ka dambeeyay sanadkii 2005.
Dabcan,
waxaa markii hore loo heystay inuu ka soo horjeeday inuu xilka sii
hayo, isagoo ka meermeeri jiray su’aalaha, isla markaana oran jiray inuu
ka door bidayo inuu beertiisa ku laabto.
Weriyaha
William Pike, oo mar loo arki jiray inuu aad ugu dhow yahay
madaxweynaha iyo NRA, ayaa buuggiisa ku sheegan sida uu madaxweynuhu uga
carooday markii kulan casho sanadihii 1990-meeyadii lagu weydiiyay inuu
doonayo inuu xilka sii hayo inta ka harsan noloshiisa iyo in kale.
“Museveni
ayaa yiri: ‘Dabcan maya’, balse wuxuu aad uga xanaaqay waxa uu u qaatay
aflagaaddo dhab ah. Ma ahayn mid uu jilayay. Xilligaas runtii ma uusan
ku fekereynin inuu xilka sii hayo,” ayuu buuggiisa ku qoray Mr Pike.
Balse
wax baa maskaxdiisa beddelay sanadkii 2004, inkastoo aysan caddeyn waxa
beddelay, xildhibaannadiisa ayaa soo jeediyay in dastuurka la beddelo
si meesha looga saaro xaddidaadda da’da madaxtinnimada.
Kaddib waxaa u suurto gashay inuu xilka u tartamo ilaa uu gaaro da’da 75 jir.
Haddana
kaddib December 2017, caqabadda xadka da’da ee musharraxa
madaxtinnimada ayaa sidoo kale laga saaray dastuurka – taas oo fowdo ka
abuurtay dhismaha baarlamaanka iyadoo booliisku uu galay dhismaha.
Dad
badan ayaa arrintaas u arkay waddo uu xisbiga NRM ugu oggolaanayo in Mr
Museveni uu madaxweyne sii ahaado inta uu nool yahay.
La
yaab ma aha in baarlamaanku uu dareemay inuu ku qasban yahay inuu u
codeeyo hoggaamiyaha muddada dheer xilka haya. Sida ay xildhibaannadu
ugu caabboon yihiin u hoggaansamidda isbeddellada waxay la xiriirtaa
inay dareemayaan inay xillalka u hayaan madaxweynaha.
Caqabado yar oo ay xukuumaddu la kulantay
Bulshada ayaa taageero badan u heysa madaxweynaha.
Waxay
xukuumaddu mararka qaar haweenka u sameysaa barnaamijyo horumarin ah,
iyadoo shaqooyinka dowladdana bixisa. Dal 15% dhalinyaradiisa ay shaqo
la’aan yihiin iyo in ka badan 21% bulshadana ay ku nool yihiin
saboolnimo, ayay dad abdan wali u arkaan xisbigiisa inuu dalka ka
badbaadin kara saboolnimada.
Balse taageerayaashiisa ayaa horumarinta Uganda u arka sabab wanaagsan oo shan sano oo kale lagu siin karo Mr Museveni.
“Haddii
aad ka timaaddo waqooyiga iyo bariga waad dareemi kartaa in guul weyn
laga gaaray nabadda. Muddo 20 sano ah gobolladaas waxaa hareeyay
dagaal,” ayuu yiri 28 jirkan lagu magacaabo Jacob Eyeru, oo hoggaamiya
Golaha Qaranka ee Dhalinyarada.
Isagoo garwaaqsanaya in shaqo la’aantu ay tahay walaaca ugu weyn, ayuu intaas ku daray in NRM “uu horumariyay dhaqaalaha oo uusan keliya ka dhigin mid la tartama gobolka balse uu ka dhigay mid dunida la jaan qaada”.
Taageerayaasha Mr Museveni ayaa aaminsan in uu weli wax badan hayo
Iyadoo
ay jiraan isbeddelladaas wuxuu sidoo kale wiiqay madax bannaanida qaar
ka mid ah hay’adaha dalkaas si loo hubiyo in caqabado yar uun ay ku
yimaadaan dowladda.
Waaxda caddaaladda ayaa sanadihii la soo dhaafayna lagu eedeeynayay inay shaqaaleysiisay xaakimiin daacad u ah dowladda.
Tusaale
ahaan, 16-kii December 2005, ciidamo aad u hubeysan ayaa galay
Maxkamadda Sare ee ku taalla caasimadda Kampala, waxayna dib u soo
xireen xubno looga shakisan yahay inay ka tirsan yihiin koox mucaaradka
ah, kuwaasoo lagu waayay eedeymo lagu soo oogay.
“Waxay xaruntii nabadda ahayd u weeciyeen tiyaatar dagaal,” ayuu yiri gabay uu tiriyay Xaakim James Ogoola ku yiri.
Marka
ay timaaddo ka hor imaanshaha natiijada doorashada, garta tartan walba
oo madaxtinnimo, marka laga reebo kii 2011, waxaa lagu qaadaa
maxkamadda. Dhammaan kiisaska, maxkamaduhu waxay xukmiyeen in eedeymaha
wax is daba marintu aysan ahayn kuwo ku filan in doorashada wax kama
jiraan lagu tilmaamo.
Madax bannaanida warbaahinta ayaa sidoo kale qalqal la geliyay.
Uganda waxaa ku yaalla boqollaal raadiye iyo telefishinno gaar loo leeyahay, wargeysyo, iyo bogag hoos taga Mr Museveni.
“Berigii
hore, xilkasnimo buuxda ayuu maamulku lahaa kaas oo u dulqaadan jiray
aragti ka duwan isla markaana awooday inuu la loollamo kuna khilaafo,”
ayuu yiri Daniel Kalinaki, oo ah Maamulaha Guud ee Kooxda Warbaahinta,
oo ku sugan Kampala.
Balse xarumo ayaa la weeraray waxaana la xiray weriyeyaal sida uu sheegayo Mr Kalinaki.
Balse waxa ugu muhiimsan muddada dheer ee uu Mr Museveni xilka hayo waa habka loo aamusiiyay koox walba oo mucaarad ah.
Taageerayaasha mucaaradka oo la toogtay
Iyadoo
ay caddaatay in 20 sano kahor uu doonayay inuu xilka sii hayo, qaar ka
mid ah xulafadiisii hore ayaa ka goostay. Ciidamada ammaanka oo iska
dhigaya booliis, ayaa mucaaradkaas ku taagay qoryahooda.
Kizza Besigye oo ka tirsan mucaaradka, marna ka mid ahaa dhaqaatiirta Mr Museveni, ayaa markii ugu horreysay la tartamay dooarshadii 2001. Waa la xiray waxaana lagu soo oogay eedeymo badan, oo ay ku jiraan kufsi iyo tacaddi, balse lama xukumin ilaa iyo hadda.
Musharraxa madaxtinnimada Bobi Wine ayaa soo jiitay codbixiyeyaal badan
Xildhibaanka,
oo soo jiitay dhalinyaro badan, ayaa magaalada waqooyi-galbeed ku
taalla ee Arua lagu xiray sanadkii 2018. Waxaa kaddib lagu eedeeyay
khiyaano balse markii dambe waa laga laabtay dacwaddaas.
Ololihii
oo doorashadan ugu jiray, booliiska ayaa xiray, sunta gaaska ka
ilmeysiisa u adeegsaday isla markaana toogtay isaga iyo
taageerayaashiisa, iyagoo lagu eedeeyay inay baal mareen xayiraadda
coronavirus.
Intii
lagu jiray labo maalmood oo olole ah bishii November kaddib xiritaankii
Bobi Wine, 54 qof ayaa la dilay, oo badankood la rumeysan yahay inay
dileen ciidamada ammaanka.
In
adigoo ku sugan Uganda aad madaxa kor u soo qaaddo waa ikhtiyaar
geesinnimo leh, qof walba oo doonaya inuu la tartamo Mr Museveni waxaan
shaki ku jirin inuu wajahayo dhibaato.
Muddada
35 sano ah ee uu xilka hayo, wuxuu ku fadhiistay halka ugu sarreysa
awoodda oo uu isaga keliya wax walba maamulo. Wuxuu sidoo kale ku
guuleystay inuu dib u habeyn ku sameeyo naftiisa.
Halkii
uu mar ka ahaa xiddigga siyaasadda intii uu ku jiray da`da 40-meeyada,
hadda cid walba oo dooneysa inay xilkaas qabato waxay isu nugleyneysaa
inay la kulanto caradiisa.